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Monday, 22 June 2009

History laptop


As the personal computer became feasible in the early 1970s, the idea of a portable personal computer followed. In particular, a "personal, portable information manipulator" was imagined by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC in 1968[8] and described in his 1972 paper as the "Dynabook".[9]

The I.B.M. SCAMP project (Special Computer APL Machine Portable), was demonstrated in 1973. This prototype was based on the PALM processor (Put All Logic In Microcode).

The I.B.M. 5100, the first commercially available portable computer, appeared in September 1975, and was based on the SCAMP prototype.

As 8-bit CPU machines became widely accepted, the number of portables increased rapidly. The Osborne 1, released in 1981 used the Zilog Z80, weighed 23.5 pounds (10.7 kg). It had no battery, only a tiny 5" CRT screen and dual 5¼" single-density floppy drives. In the same year the first laptop-sized portable computer, the Epson HX-20, was announced.[10] The Epson had a LCD screen, a rechargeable battery and a calculator-size printer in a 1.6 kg (4 pounds) chassis. Both Tandy/Radio Shack and HP also produced portable computers of varying designs during this period.

The first laptop using the clamshell design, used today by almost all laptops, appeared in 1982. The $8150 GRiD Compass 1100 was used at NASA and by the military among others. The Gavilan SC, released in 1983, was the first notebook marketed using the term "laptop".

From 1983 onwards:

  • Several new input techniques were developed and included in laptops: the touchpad (Gavilan SC, 1983), the pointing stick (IBM ThinkPad 700, 1992) and handwriting recognition (Linus Write-Top,[11] 1987).
  • Some CPUs were designed specifically for low power use (including laptops (Intel i386SL, 1990), and were supported by dynamic power management features (Intel SpeedStep and AMD PowerNow!) in some designs.
  • Displays reached VGA resolution by 1988 (Compaq SLT 286) and 256-color screens by 1993 (PowerBook 165c), progressing quickly to millions of colors and high resolutions.
  • High-capacity hard drives and optical storage (CD-ROM followed CD-R and CD-RW and eventually by DVD-ROM and the writable varieties) became available in laptops soon after their introduction to the desktops.

Early laptops often had proprietary and incompatible system architectures, operating systems, and bundled applications, making third party hardware and software difficult and sometimes impossible to develop.

Di bawah ini translate bahasa indonesianya,,,,

Sebagai komputer pribadi menjadi layak pada awal tahun 1970-an, ide dari komputer portabel diikuti. Secara khusus, sebuah "pribadi, informasi portabel dalang" telah bayangkan oleh Alan Kay di Xerox PARC pada tahun 1968 [8] dan dijelaskan dalam karya 1972 sebagai "Dynabook". [9]

The IBM berandal proyek (Khusus Komputer Mesin Portabel APL), telah ditunjukkan pada tahun 1973. Prototipe ini berdasarkan PALM prosesor (Debitkan Semua Logic Dalam microcode).

The IBM 5100, yang pertama komersial tersedia komputer portabel, muncul pada bulan September 1975, dan berdasarkan prototipe perampok.

Sebagai 8-bit CPU komputer menjadi diterima secara luas, jumlah portables meningkat pesat. The Osborne 1, diluncurkan pada tahun 1981 menggunakan Zilog Z80, beratnya £ 23,5 (10,7 kg). Ia tidak memiliki baterai, hanya sebagian kecil 5 "CRT layar ganda dan 5 ¼" single-density floppy drive. Pada tahun yang sama pertama laptop berukuran portabel komputer, Epson HX-20, diumumkan. [10] Epson yang memiliki layar LCD, baterai yang dapat diisi ulang dan kalkulator-printer dalam ukuran 1,6 kg (4 pounds) chassis. Kedua Tandy Radio Shack dan HP juga komputer portabel yang dihasilkan dari berbagai desain selama periode ini.

Laptop pertama yang menggunakan kulit kerang desain, hari ini digunakan oleh hampir semua laptop, muncul pada tahun 1982. The $ 8150 Grid Compass 1100 telah digunakan di NASA dan militer antara lain. The Gavilan SC, dirilis pada tahun 1983, adalah yang pertama notebook dipasarkan dengan menggunakan istilah "laptop".

Dari 1983 dan seterusnya:

* Beberapa masukan teknik baru dikembangkan dan dimasukkan ke dalam laptop: the touchpad (Gavilan SC, 1983), maka yang tetap (IBM ThinkPad 700, 1992) dan tulisan tangan pengakuan (Linus Message-Atas, [11] 1987).
* Beberapa CPU yang dirancang khusus untuk menggunakan daya yang rendah (termasuk laptop (Intel i386SL, 1990), dan dinamis yang didukung oleh fitur-fitur manajemen daya (Intel SpeedStep dan AMD PowerNow!) Dalam beberapa desain.
* Menampilkan mencapai resolusi VGA oleh 1988 (Compaq slt 286) dan 256 oleh layar warna 1993 (Powerbook 165c), maju dengan cepat ke jutaan warna dan resolusi tinggi.
* High-hard drive dan kapasitas penyimpanan optik (CD-ROM yang diikuti CD-R dan CD-RW dan akhirnya oleh DVD-ROM dan ditulis varietas) menjadi tersedia di laptop segera setelah mereka pengenalan kepada desktop.

Awal laptop yang sering eksklusif dan bertentangan arsitektur sistem, sistem operasi, dan aplikasi bundled, pihak ketiga yang membuat perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak sulit dan kadang mustahil untuk dikembangkan.

reference from wikipedia.org

Top 10 VIDEO CARD HIGH-END

Di peringkat pertama adaaaaaa,,,,,,,,,,,,

- da Revolution Radeon HD 4870 X2

Peringkat ke dua dan seterusnya,,,,,,

- ASUS ENGTX295
- digital Aliance GeForce GTX 295
- ASUS EAH4870X2
- Power Color HD 4870 X2
- GIGABYTE HD4870 X2 2GB GDDR5
- HIS Radeon HD 4870 X2
- digital aliance GeForce GTX 285
- LeadTek WinFast GTX285
- ASUS GTX275

Inilah 10 Video Card terbaik bulan ini,,,,,



reference from PC media magazine

Virus serang APPLE-MAC

sebuah virus kini sedang menghinggapi komputer-komputer apple mac. virus ini menyebar melalui software iWorks ilegal dan menjadi pusat perhatian karena merupakan virus pertama yang menyerang platform OS X.
selama ini mac dibilang cukup aman dari ancaman virus2,,, namun ini dikarnakan jumlah pemakai mac tidak sebanyak windows.
virus ini disebut atau dijuluki Tored,,, dia sebuah worm,, tapi ada juga yg bilang dia trojan,,,, huh membingungkan,,,,tapi faktanya tored adalah worm yang merangkap trojan...
waspadalah pemakai mac,,,,

reference from PC media magazine

Wednesday, 3 June 2009

new laptop sony


this is new laptop sony,,,,
cutekan,,, makanya segera cari dan dapatkan selagibisa... khususnyabuat para kaum wanita,,,

Sunday, 26 April 2009



Toshiba Satellite A355-S6924 16.0-Inch Laptop

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Thursday, 2 April 2009

How to Buy a New PC

Tips for shoppers.

PC World Editors

For more tips from PC World editors, browse the Expert Buying Guides online.

With so many factors to consider, deciding which desktop PC to buy can be a real challenge. From components to software to accessories, new PCs offer a bewildering array of choices. For some folks, sifting through the large number of options can be daunting.

Get What You Need

Today, almost any PC on the market can more than adequately handle such standard office chores as word processing and spreadsheets, as well as basic Internet functions like e-mail and general browsing. So for $1000 or less, you can get a PC that will suit most people's needs.

If you want to edit digital video or manage a large database, however, you may need more than the basics. Typically, you won't have to spend more than $1500 or $2000 for a system that will suit you today and serve you well for the next few years.

The best way to pay only for what you need is to carefully consider what you want to do with your system now, and try to anticipate what might interest you next year. Specific applications call for certain types of hardware, whether at home or in the office.

When you're ready to buy a desktop PC, get what you need. Here are some recommendations for the average user's minimum requirements. You may want to print out this article and keep it with when you shop.

A 2.66-GHz Pentium 4 or Athlon XP 2800+ Processor. For everyday work, word processing, spreadsheets, and e-mail, you don't need the latest, greatest, and most expensive processor. When current processors of the same clock speed were compared in PC World tests, processors from Advanced Micro Devices performed some tasks faster than Intel's offerings.

At Least 256MB of Memory. Anything less will slow your work, especially if you plan to use Windows XP. Buy as much as you can afford, up to 512MB.

The Right Windows. Most home and office PC users should find Windows XP Home a perfectly acceptable operating system. You should drop the extra $100 for Windows XP Professional only if you want to take advantage of management features such as Remote Desktop, which lets users control the computer remotely over the Internet.

Be Careful With Integrated AGP Graphics. Before you buy a computer with integrated graphics, ask if it has an AGP slot. If it doesn't, you won't be able to upgrade your graphics chip.

Subwoofers Improve Sound. Adding a sound system with a subwoofer (a large speaker that produces very low bass tones) can dramatically improve the sound quality of a home system, even if the speaker set is inexpensive. In the office, however, a booming subwoofer may trigger an uprising among your coworkers.

A Big Monitor. Unless you're really pinching pennies, consider a large monitor. A 19-inch CRT monitor lets you see your documents with greater definition (or at a higher resolution) than 17-inch or smaller displays. Better yet, get yourself a new 17-inch LCD monitor. It takes up less space on your desk; it's easier on your eyes; and it only costs about $150 more than a 19-inch CRT. And LCD prices keep falling, so watch for bargains. See "How to Buy a Monitor" for more specifics.

A CD-RW or Recordable DVD Drive. Now that most PC manufacturers have dumped the 1.44MB floppy disk drive, a recordable DVD or CD-RW drive is essential for data storage and transfer. Both allow you to back up important documents (700MB on a CD, 4.7GB on a DVD), share files with colleagues, and create custom audio or video CDs or DVDs. If you need to back up massive amounts of data or entire hard drives, choose the DVD option.

A 60GB or Larger Hard Drive. A 20GB hard drive is fine for simple word processing or Web browsing tasks, but you'll likely fill that hard drive pretty quickly. In the long run it's best to buy more storage space than you think you'll need. Today's largest hard drives reach 300GB. Unless you're planning to use your PC as a mini server for your office database or for electronic entertainment, a drive with less capacity than that may be more cost effective.

Connectivity Up Front. Many PCs now offer a pair of USB ports on the front bezel, so you can connect multiple peripherals without having to reach behind the case. If you have lots of gear to plug into the PC, look for systems with up-front FireWire (IEEE 1394) or USB 2.0 ports, or optical audio connectors, depending on your needs.

Graphics Cards for Novice Gamers. If you want to do some gaming, and you're keeping an eye on the future, get a lower-level GeForce4 MX board with 64MB of RAM--but read the fine print to make sure it will support next-generation DirectX games. See "How to Buy a Graphics Board" for details on specific cards.

Other Shopping Tips

PC shoppers can save money and avoid unnecessary hassle by following these tips:

Don't Buy Extra Software. Purchase an operating system, an office suite, and an antivirus package. If you really you need more, look for vendors' software bundles.

Don't Wait for Price Reductions. If you need a new PC now, don't wait a few months to see whether prices will drop further and upper-end performance will improve. Decide when you need the system, and go for it.

Look for Above-Average Specs. If longevity is a priority (and if you can afford it), get something close to, but below, the current top of the line. This will extend the useful life of your PC.

Check an LCD Monitor's Interface. Depending on the brand or model of LCD monitor, it could have one of several different interface connectors--the part that plugs into the PC. Before you buy a monitor, make sure it works with the system you want, or at least that you have a money-back guarantee.

Upgrade at the Time of Purchase. Often, you can get a better deal on a larger hard drive or a better monitor when you first order your computer. Doubling the size of a hard drive may add very little to the cost, and upgrading to a better monitor may add only $80 to $100.

Avoid Gimmicky Keyboards. Many vendors tout fancy keyboards with extra buttons for launching apps. Save some money by choosing the cheapest option unless you have a specific need for a fancier model.

Don't Overpay on Your Warranty. Because most PC problems tend to crop up in the first year, a one-year warranty should be fine.

Buy From a Trustworthy Source. Above all, reduce your chances of getting a lemon: Buy from a PC maker you trust. Check out PC World's annual Reliability & Service survey, in which readers report on which PC makers provide the best (and worst) technical support and warranty service.

Reference : From PcWord in internet

Friday, 20 March 2009

tips buy laptop

1. Size and Weight
The size & weight of a laptop affects two key areas: portability and display size.

2. Specifications
The specifications of laptop must also realize what the minimum and maximum acceptable specifications laptops have.

3. Conectivity
The conectivity of laptop ability to connect to an office network and the Internet are integral to successfully working in a mobile environment. Laptops with multiple connection options are what will suit mobile workers and leave them with the ability to get connected in practically any situation.

4. Hard Drive
The hard drive of laptop know must a bigger hard drive - minimu 60 GB or more.

5. Batteries
The Batteries of laptop must long battery lives and even better are laptops that allow you to add an extra battery. You never know if your mobile work will take you to places where electricity is not an option. Traveling by air, rail or bus are prime examples. It's also worth looking at how long it takes to recharge your laptop batteries

6. Memory
The memory of laptop minimum 256 Mb of RAM or more should be plenty. This is a common configuration for many laptops, so it means you probably won't need to spend extra for more RAM.

7. Network Connection
Connected to the Internet, connected to a corporate network, connected to a wireless network, connected to a home network, connected to an online service.

8. Security Features
Mobile office workers must accept that their laptop will be a prime target for theft. Know what security measures you can take and what security options are available with the laptop you choose. Making the decision for a higher-end laptop that includes security options can save you money and grief.

9. Warranties & Support
Laptop Warranties & Support is important, it's key that your laptop be in good working order and if you do need repair work that you have resources for either quick repair or replacement. Purchasing additional warranty coverage and getting 24/7 support are important considerations when looking at laptop manufacturers. It's also important to know if the laptop manufacturer provides local and/or international support.

10. Price
The price of laptop : When you define what you need before you go shopping, buying laptop, the right machine becomes much easier. Laptop prices have come down, to be sure. However, a laptop still represents a fairly major purchase for most people.If you take the time to search for a laptop that meets your specific needs, you should get many years of use and enjoyment from this important investment.

11. Processor
The processor of laptop must Intel Pentium 4, core duo, or an Intel Centrino processor. The processor forms the computing core of your laptop and is one area where you must not compromise.

12. System
Windows XP Professional or Windows Vista is an ideal system for a laptop meant for office use. In laptops, it is very inconvenient to upgrade your operating system, so choose the latest one.

13. LAN card and modem.
Lan Card & Modem of Laptop : There are basically two types of modems on offer -- internal modems and PC card-based modems. Make sure the internal modem is fast enough for your needs. Else, opt for the PC card-based one that sticks out of your computer, but is slightly better performance wise.

14. Multiple USB Port
Ensure the laptop has two or more USB ports, as you will need them to attach your peripheral devices like printers and scanners.

15. Screen size and resolution
Screen sizes of laptop are measured diagonally and range from 12 to17 inches. The screen resolution determines how clear images are and ranges from 800 x 600 pixels to a crisp 1600 x 1200. While larger screens with high resolutions allow for easy viewing, smaller screens use less battery power.

Reference : From various source in internet.

GA-EP45T-EXTREME

GA-EP45T-EXTREME (rev. 1.0)

Help
Intel® P45 + ICH10R Chipset
  1. Revolution energy saving design with DES Advanced featuring hardware based Dynamic 6-Gear switching
  2. Supports 45nm Intel® Core™ 2 multi-core processors with FSB 1600 MHz
  3. Dual Channel DDR3 2000 for remarkable system performance
  4. Advanced power phase design with virtual 12 power phases to provides highly efficient operation for 45nm CPU
  5. Embedded 2 power phases for NB chipset and 2 phases for memory power to excel at power efficiency
  6. 2 PCI-E 2.0 x16 graphic interface plus PCI-E x4 with CrossFireX ™ support for ultimate graphics performance
  7. Hardware Overvoltage Control IC Provides more voltage control options on CPU, North bridge and memory
  8. All Copper Heat pipe/Heat sink connecting NB, SB, and MOSFET and extra Hybrid Silent-Pipe design provides 30% cooler thermal performance
  9. Professed onboard Debug LED and OV-Alert LED, OC-Alert LED, TMP-Alert LED allows user to easily catch on to PC status
  10. 2 Gigabit Ethernet LAN with Teaming functionality
  11. Supports Dolby Home Theater® audio to create a stunning surround sound listening experience.
  12. DualBIOS solution gives a multiple security to the system
  13. Power/reset/Clr CMOS onboard button for easily operation on th workbench
  14. Maximum CPU keep out zone for extreme CPU cooling
  15. Blu-ray playback outputs supported by high quality 106dB SNR ALC889A HD audio
(Note) This motherboard is designed with VRD11.1 power phase, and cannot be compatible with VRD10 designed CPU. Please refer to "CPU Support List" for details.


Reference : From gigabyte in internet.